Today’s blog is the last in a three-part series that explores estate accounts from the perspective of a beneficiary, and more specifically a beneficiary of an estate in the Province of British Columbia. These blogs were written by Caroline Caron, a paralegal in the Vancouver office of Fasken LLP, to provide practical and helpful tips for beneficiaries who are navigating estate accounts. The first two parts of this series introduced estate accounting, commented on issues relating to specific assets, and explored executor and estate expenses, including executor compensation. In this final instalment, Caroline identifies potential “red flags” in estate accounts and next steps for beneficiaries after receiving and reviewing estate accounts.

As we noted in Parts One and Two, it is important to remember that estate accounting, including the form of accounts and the calculation of executor compensation, and rules governing the timing of the distribution of an estate, are matters of Provincial law in Canada, so it is always important for beneficiaries to obtain professional advice in their local jurisdiction, as the rules may vary.

What Could Be a Red Flag?

While most estate accounts are going to be straightforward, there are situations that may raise concerns and prompt you to ask more questions.

For example, large or repeated payments to the executor that don’t appear to be reimbursements for legitimate estate-related expenses may be a red flag. Similarly, unexplained delays in administration or missing documentation—especially when requests for clarification go unanswered—should be investigated further.

You might also notice that certain assets were sold for significantly less than what you’d reasonably expect based on market value—like a vehicle, investment, or property. That’s the kind of thing worth asking about. Ask the executor for supporting details, such as appraisals or an explanation of market conditions at the time of sale. But try not to confuse sentimental value with commercial value; a beloved item might feel priceless to you but have a modest dollar value in the accounts, and that’s usually okay.

Also watch for ongoing expenses that don’t make sense—like subscription services, club memberships, or personal charges still being paid by the estate long after the person has passed. These types of expenses should be questioned.

Significant delays in final distribution without a clear explanation may warrant further inquiry. However, in British Columbia, executors are legally obligated under the Wills, Estates and Succession Act (WESA) to hold estate assets for 210 days after the grant of probate. This holding period allows creditors to make claims and protects beneficiaries’ rights. Executors should not distribute estate assets—aside from debts, expenses, or interim distributions—before this period, unless all beneficiaries consent or a court order permits earlier distribution. Additionally, executors often wait for a CRA Clearance Certificate to confirm all taxes are settled, which is a reasonable and prudent step. These delays are part of the normal estate administration process and should not be mistaken for unreasonable delays caused by the executor.

In short, while certain delays or decisions may be reasonable and part of the normal administration process, if something doesn’t make sense or doesn’t sit well with you, it’s entirely appropriate to ask the executor for clarification.

Wrapping Up: Where to Go From Here

So, you’ve made it through the estate accounts and hopefully you’re feeling a bit more confident about what you’re seeing. If you do have any questions or concerns, the first step is always to talk to the executor. They should be able to provide supporting documents—like receipts or invoices for any reimbursements—and address your concerns openly. A responsible executor will be transparent and committed to ensuring you feel confident about the estate’s administration.

And of course, if you still have unanswered questions or unresolved concerns, consulting an estate lawyer or advisor can provide clarity and reassurance. A professional can help you understand your rights as a beneficiary and determine whether further action, such as a formal passing of accounts, is necessary.

Ultimately, reviewing estate accounts is about ensuring transparency and accountability in the administration process. Feeling comfortable with how the estate is being handled is essential, and understanding your rights as a beneficiary is an important step in achieving that.